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October 6, 2010

Feature - A lasting ocean observatory

A map indicates the location of the four major ocean arrays, as well as the two minor ones. Click for a larger version. Image courtesy of OOI - CEV at University of Washington.

Agile architecture is essential if a large-scale infrastructure like the Ocean Observatories Initiative is to last three decades, as mandated.
“The Ocean Observatory has been in planning for fifteen years and more,” said Matthew Arrott, OOI’s project manager for cyberinfrastructure. “It is our anticipation, over a 30 year lifespan, that we need to account for user needs and the technology that we are using all changing.”
That’s why they’ve focused their attention on creating an infrastructure that can interface with a wide variety of software packages and computational resource providers.
“The observatory supports a broad range of analysis with the expectation that the majority of the analysis capability will be provided a

September 29, 2010

Announcement - ALENEX11 papers due 5 October

This spot on Telegraph Hill overlooks the bay in San Francisco, where ALENEX11 will take place. Image courtesy of Wally Gobetz, under Creative Commons 2.0.

The Workshop on Algorithm Engineering and Experiments (ALENEX11) will be held on 22 January 2011 at the Holiday Inn San Francisco Golden Gateway, San Francisco, California, US; papers are due 5 October 2010.
The aim of the ALENEX workshop is to provide a forum for presentation of original research in the implementation and experimental evaluation of algorithms and data structures. We invite submissions that present significant case studies in experimental analysis (such studies may tighten, extend, or otherwise improve current theoretical results) or in the implementation, testing, and evaluation of algorithms for realistic environments and scenarios, including specific applied areas (for example, databases, networks, operations research, computational biology and physics, computational ge

September 29, 2010

Link of the Week - GPU Technology Conference

This photograph was taken at the 2009 GPU Technology Conference.
Image courtesy nVIDIA.

Last week, computing expert Greg Pfister told us why he thinks that cheap GPU-based supercomputing is coming to an end. And as iSGTW readers from around the world read that article, other computing experts gathered in San Jose for the GPU Technology Conference, an event with a very different underlying perspective.
Sponsored by nVIDIA, the GTC offered separate streams for researchers, developers, and industry.
NVIDIA created daily video recaps for the three-day event. The source aside, they are a quick and convenient way to find out about some of the most interesting presentations from the event.
You can go directly to video one, two, and three to watch them, or read more about the conference by browsing VizWorld posts tagged as “gtc” at our link of the week.

September 22, 2010

 

Link of the Week: When computers were human

Image courtesy David Grier

The photo at right may look rather ordinary but in fact this office is much more exciting than it seems. The men and women working away at these desks are in fact a sort of human computer, employed by the Mathematical Tables Project in New York City in the 1930s and ’40s under a Works Progress Administration program to fight the ravages of the Great Depression.The Mathematical Tables Project consisted of 450 ‘human computers’ — many of whom had been close to homelessness during the financial collapse. The large majority of the staff had not even completed high school, yet they were brought together to perform calculations for government and scientists in an era  before the first working general-purpose, electronic computer (generally agreed to be ENIAC, or “Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer”).The Mathematical Tables Office Computing Floor shown in the pho

September 22, 2010

Feature - GPU-based cheap supercomputing coming to an end

Intel’s Sandy Bridge architecture places the processor and GPU on the same chip.
Image courtesy Greg Pfister.

Nvidia’s CUDA has been hailed as “Supercomputing for the Masses,” and with good reason – amazing speedups ranging from 10x through hundreds have been reported on scientific / technical code. CUDA has become a darling of academic computing and a major player in DARPA’s Exascale program, but performance alone does not account for that popularity: price clinches the deal. For all that computing power, they’re incredibly cheap. As Sharon Glotzer of UMich noted, “Today you can get two gigaflops for $500. That is ridiculous.” It is indeed. And it’s only possible because CUDA is subsidized by sinking the fixed costs of its development into the high volumes of Nvidia’s mass market low-end GPUs.
Unfortunately, that subsidy won’t last forever; its end is n

September 15, 2010

Announcement - Free HPC event, 30 September

The event will take place in Long Beach, California, pictured above.Image courtesy of Jon Sullivan, under Creative Commons license.

You are invited to attend a free day-long event on high performance computing technology in Long Beach, California, USA on 30 September 2010.
The event, which is sponsored by nVIDIA, Intel, HP, Mellanox Technologies, Adaptive Technologies, and CB Technologies, will take place from 8:30am to 3:00pm.
Agenda:

"CPU Processing" - Intel
"Accelerating HPC with GPU Computing" - Nvidia, Dale Southard
"Paving the Road to Exascale Computing" - Mellanox,
"Managing HPC with intelligent policies/HP Cloud" - Adaptive Computing
"Parallel File Storage Solutions" - DataDirect Networks
"HPC CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTIMIZATION" - Hewlett-Packard Company

 Confirmed Speakers:

HP, Logan Sankaran, System Tuning and Application Optimization for HPC
Nvidia, Dale Southard
Mellanox, Gilad Shainer, Sr. Director of HPC an

September 15, 2010

Announcement - GlobusWORLD 2011, 1-4 February

Photo courtesy GlobusWORLD

GlobusWORLD 2011 will be held 1-4 February 2011 at Argonne, near Chicago, Illinois, USA.
This year's conference will feature new user success stories as well as updates on Globus development. The Globus team will showcase new software-as-a-service capabilities that are the foundation for their next wave of distributed collaborative computation, and the traditionally oversubscribed tutorial day will feature additional topics to better address the needs of both end-users and developers.
Conference themes include:

Globus User Experiences - Innovative applications of Globus technology
Globus Community Updates - Progress enabled by Globus in various research communities
Globus Software-as-a-Service - The "no-IT" approach to distributed collaborative computing

See globusworld.org/about for more information.

September 15, 2010

Feature - Deciphering the tree of life Image courtesy of Miriam Boon. What’s a bee without its honey, a butterfly without a flower’s nectar? It’s a pretty puzzle posed by the fossil record, which suggests that insects evolved long before flowering plants did. With the rise of genetics, a new window has opened onto evolution – one that could provide a fresh perspective on old problems such as the disparity between insect and angiosperm (flowering plant) evolution. Computational phylogenetics is the development of computational and mathematical techniques that aid in the estimation of evolutionary history, using molecular data such as protein and DNA sequences to construct a “tree of life.” To calibrate their molecular results, evolutionary biologists add the fossil record to the mix, and assume that a new species will evolve at the same rate as its ancestors. “Often they [other researchers] would force the date of angiosperms to correspond

September 15, 2010

Feature - Neighborly efficiency: Scaling kNN problems  (nearly) linearly using GPUs

This image depicts an example of a two-dimensional feature space. In this case, the unknown dot would be classified as “green,” because three of the five nearest neighbors are green.
Image courtesy of Cyrus Stoller and Libin Sun.

What is k-Nearest Neighbor?
The class of machine learning algorithms known as kNN classifies objects based on the closest training examples in the feature space. What does that mean? Let us illustrate that with an example.
Imagine you have a large set of digital images of friends and family. Many of them have already been tagged according to the person in the image. You would like a way to automate the tagging of the remaining photographs.
First, you would need a program that can analyze images of faces, quantifying features such as eye color, the distance between the eyes, and so on. The program would take in each image – say, 1000 – and re

September 15, 2010

Image of the Week - Supercomputing between the lines

Left: This is just one of many images you’ll find inside the Supercomputing Coloring Book. Image courtesy of NCSA.Right: According to the Supercomputing Coloring Book, researchers use supercomputers to simulate the folding and unfolding of proteins — like this tryptophan cage protein — in an effort to understand how folding errors can cause diseases. Image copyright Carlos Simmerling, 2006.

Supercomputers are far from child’s toys, but that doesn’t mean children can't appreciate them.That's just one of many reasons why the National Center for Supercomputing Applications put together their Supercomputing Coloring Book.“I think it does a few things well,” said Bill Bell, division director of public affairs at NCSA. “It grabs your attention. It communicates that just because the concepts are complicated doesn’t mean they have to be intimidating. And it introduces people to someth

September 8, 2010

Feature - Inflated performance

Are some performance numbers full of hot air, like this balloon?
Image courtesy of Ben Brezina.

The more things change, the more they stay the same. Since the advent of scientific computing, researchers have sought out ways to get more research done in less time and for less money. Proponents of new technologies have, in turn, claimed improvements in technology that may seem too good to be true. How, then, is a researcher to tell the difference?
Back in 1991, Berkeley Lab scientist David Bailey published an entertaining tongue-in-cheek paper in the now-defunct Supercomputing Review entitled, “Twelve Ways to Fool the Masses When Giving Performance Results on Parallel Computers” (PDF). As with any paper discussing computer performance, there are some obvious aspects of the paper that are now out of date, such as the shift from megaflops to teraflops.
“Also, the focus of comparison at the time was vector supercomputers then being manuf

September 1, 2010
Announcement - Abstracts for Symposium on Authentication Technologies for Research and Education due September 15

Announcement - Abstracts for Symposium on Authentication Technologies for Research and Education due September 15

The Symposium on Authentication Technologies for Research and Education will continue to accept abstracts through 15 September.
The symposium and the accompanying Roundtable on Cloud and Grid Security Standards will take place Monday 4 October on the campus of Texas Tech University.
The symposium will be focused on working solutions in campus security infrastructures that can contribute to solutions for simple but effective provision of strong authentication in research, educational, government and industrial settings. Submissions are invited from members of the identity management and distributed computing security communities.
Talks will be open to the public. Participants will be given adequate time to explain and expand on their idea or project. The audience will include participants familiar with this problem and knowledgeable about working solutions in concept or in pract

September 1, 2010

Announcement - Early Bird registration for Grace Hopper ends 9 September

Early bird registration for the 10th annual Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing ends 9 September. The conference will take place 28 September – 2 October 2010 at the Hyatt Regency in Atlanta, Georgia.
The world's largest gathering of women in computing in industry, academia, and government, the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing (GHC) is now a five day technical conference designed to bring the research and career interests of women in computing to the forefront. Over 600 speakers will include leading researchers and industry experts discussing their current work, while special sessions focus on the role of women in today's technology fields, including computer science, information technology, research, and engineering. Co-presented by the Anita Borg Institute and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the conference has expanded this year to feature more than 110 sessions (pane

September 1, 2010

Announcement - Gordon Conference 2010 abstracts due 16 September

The Grand Challenges in Data-Intensive Discovery conference (or Gordon Conference for short) will be held 26-28 October 2010 at the San Diego Supercomputer Center on the campus of UC San Diego.
Science has entered a data-intensive era, driven by a deluge of data being generated by digitally based instruments, sensor networks, and simulation devices. Hence, a growing part of the scientific enterprise is associated with analyzing such data, and such analysis places special demands on computer architectures because the associated calculations have frequent I/O accesses, large memory requirements, and often limited parallelism.
In mid 2011, SDSC will deploy a unique data-intensive high performance computing system called Gordon. Gordon will be a peer-reviewed allocated resource on the National Science Foundation's TeraGrid available to any US researcher. It will have a peak speed of 245 Teraflops and feature very large shared memo

September 1, 2010
Feature - Joe Hellerstein on cloud programming

Feature - Joe Hellerstein on cloud programming

Image courtesy of UC-Berkeley.

Earlier this year, we discussed the possibilities raised by working with parallel programming languages in an interview with John Shalf. This week, iSGTW interviews Joe Hellerstein, the principle investigator for the Berkeley Orders Of Magnitude project, about cloud programming languages. Hellerstein is a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley, where he focuses his work on data-centric systems and the ways in which they drive computing.
Why do we need a language for cloud programming, what makes a cloud programming language different from a parallel programming language, and how do cloud programming languages work? Read on for answers to these and other questions.
iSGTW: What is cloud programming?
Hellerstein: I think of “the cloud” as a new computing platform, the way that the PC or the mobile phone were new platforms when they were introduced. In general, a

September 1, 2010

Feature - The forecast before the storm
How supercomputers and hybrid workflows helped beat tornadoes to the chase

A Doppler On Wheels collects data in a tornado during VORTEX2, as PI Nolan Atkins stands nearby collecting photogrammetric data.
Image courtesy of VORTEX2.

Chasing tornadoes won’t get you very far, if your goal is to understand how tornadoes form. To get results, researchers need to get their instruments on the ground before the tornado touches down.
That’s the big catch 22 of VORTEX2 (Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment), according to principal investigator Joshua Wurman. Current techniques predict tornadoes an average of only 13 minutes in advance, a fact that makes it difficult to evacuate or properly prepare for the impending disaster. To improve that lead time, or learn how to predict how destructive a tornado will be, scientists need data recorded as the tornadoes form.
“In order for us to collect good data we had t

August 25, 2010

Feature - OSG and TeraGrid join forces for ExTENCI

Image courtesy of Jayanta Behera.

Last week marked the kick-off for ExTENCI, the first major technical collaboration between TeraGrid and Open Science Grid.
“The idea is to have Open Science Grid and TeraGrid work together on a joint project as an experiment,” explained Paul Avery, the principle investigator for ExTENCI (which stands for Extending Science Through Enhanced National CyberInfrastructure). Although the two infrastructures have worked together to agree on principles and attend each others’ meetings, ExTENCI marks the first time that they will work together, sharing milestones and goals.
In order to make the partnership possible, the National Science Foundation’s Office of Cyberinfrastructure and Math and Physics Directorate each awarded ExTENCI approximately one million U.S. dollars over two years, for a grand total of just over two million U.S. dollars.
The limitations imposed by a small budget

August 18, 2010

Announcement - Cybera Summit 2010 early-bird registration due

Leonard Brody, one of Canada's leading technology forecasters and business strategists, will be headlining Cybera's annual fall event this year: Summit 2010  – Driving Alberta’s Digital Evolution. Early Bird Registration rates are available until 25 August.
This year's two-day program takes place 21-22 September at The Banff Centre and will focus on the projects, technologies and opportunities driving the evolution of digital-based R&D sectors and economies. “Digital” refers to anything that involves data management, pervasive broadband, network-enabled platforms, cloud and advanced computing, or online/web-integrated resources (ie. Web 2.0). These are the tools that are driving new innovations in business and groundbreaking discoveries in research and development.
Through panel sessions, keynote presentations, demos and networking opportunities, participants will explore a variety of topics

August 18, 2010

Announcement - DEISA-TeraGrid HPC school applications due

The Hotel Santa Tecla Palace, where the event will take place. Image courtesy of the Hotel Santa Tecla Palace.

Applications for the joint EU-US school on High Performance Computing Challenges in Computational Sciences are due 29 August.
The school, which is sponsored by the Distributed European Infrastructure for Supercomputing Applications (DEISA) and TeraGrid, will take place 4-7 October 2010 in Acireale, Catania, Italy.
High-level speakers from the US and Europe will address the following areas in computational science with high relevance for HPC simulations:

HPC Challenges and Technology
Challenges by Scientific Disciplines
Programming
Performance Analysis & Profiling
Algorithmic Approaches & Libraries
Data Intensive Computing and Visualization

Leading scientists in the fields of astrophysics, materials science, nanotechnology, quantum chromodynamics, and plasma physics will present discipl

August 18, 2010

Feature - OSG Summer School a success

The summer school in progress. Image courtesy of OSG.

Last month, Open Science Grid hosted its first summer school, and by all reports, it was a hit with both teachers and students.
“The OSG Summer School was a great experience,” said Vishagan Ratnaswamy, who will begin work on his doctorate in aeronautics this fall at Caltech. “I was able to learn more about the script files I was using as well as the systems I was running my simulations on.”
Before attending the summer school at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Ratnaswamy was already an OSG user. But by attending, he said, he learned more about the available computational resources and the many ways in which grid computing can be applied to various types of research.
Ratnaswamy was one of 17 students chosen from a pool of 45 applicants to receive funding to attend the summer school, the TeraGrid ’10 conference, and next year’s OSG All-Hands Meeting. At

August 18, 2010

Relativistic reference frames speed simulations

This simulation was conducted on Franklin at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, NERSC, at Berkeley Lab. Image courtesy of Mori et. al.

Even on a supercomputer, simulating the next generation of laser-plasma accelerators would take months. Luckily, by solving an old problem to create a new way to model these accelerators, an international group of researchers has cut the computation time by a factor of at least 100.
Laser-plasma accelerators shoot powerful laser pulses into a cloud of plasma, creating a wave that electrons can "surf" to accelerate more rapidly than in traditional accelerators. Normally, computer models consider this problem from the experimenter's reference frame, in which the plasma is more or less stationary and the laser is traveling at the speed of light.
This team, jointly led by Warren Mori at the University of California at Los Angeles and Luis Silva at the Instituto Superior Tecnico in

August 18, 2010

 

Link of the Week - TeraGrid ’10 Proceedings

People mingle as they browse the research projects on display at the TeraGrid ’10 poster session. Image courtesy of Miriam Boon, iSGTW.

Earlier this month, researchers and computer experts gathered in Pittsburgh for TeraGrid ’10, the annual conference organized and sponsored by TeraGrid.
Not everyone could attend, of course, so it’s a good thing that the proceedings are now available online at this week’s link of the week.
The conference included a wide variety of programming, including tracks dedicated to science, technology, science gateways, and EOT (education, outreach and training). A poster session and visualization showcase featured posters and visualizations related to computational biology, molecular dynamics, computational chemistry, signal processing, computer science, computational fluid dynamics, computational multi-body dynamics, computational materials (nano-composites), grid computing

August 18, 2010

Feature - Winning the ‘scrap lottery’ Image courtesy Diego Carvalho Plastics manufacturers had a problem.The typical production line produces hundreds of distinct plastic products of varying weight, shape and size. A single desktop computer can manage the process of deciding which combinations of products should be married to which production lines, but the task increases exponentially when trying to predict how much waste “scrap” is generated. This is because predicting the amount of scrap is a highly stochastic process, meaning it could have many probable outcomes. Industry insiders describe it as a ‘scrap lottery’, in which the only way to know an outcome is to ‘spin the balls,’ or in this case create the plastic. The problem was particularly acute at Vitopel, an Argentine company that is one of the world’s five largest plastic manufacturers. It produces biaxially-oriented polypropylene, or BOPP — an important mater

August 11, 2010

Feature - Education and the future: eLearning

Image courtesy GridTalk

Computers and the web have transformed homes and businesses, and could do the same for education and training. Known as “eLearning,” this can be as simple as accessing a school timetable online, or as complex as running virtual communities for sharing and creating knowledge. eLearning is defined by the European Commission (EC) as ‘the use of new multimedia technologies and the internet to improve the quality of learning by facilitating access to resources and services, as well as remote exchanges and collaboration.’ The EC sees eLearning as an integral part of education and calls for member states to include eLearning in national policies; its Lifelong Learning Program, running from 2007-2013, includes it in schools, higher education, vocational training, and adult education.Where do grids fit in?
Grid technologies help researchers worldwide collaborate, analyze data and carry out research.

August 11, 2010

Feature - NetLogo: A low threshold, no ceiling language

Two fifth grade students use NetLogo to learn about electrical current. Image courtesy Pratim Sengupta.
Front page image: Tiling with squares whose sides are successive Fibonacci numbers in length. Courtesy Wikipedia under Creative Commons license.

Elementary school students may not be able to decipher mathematical models such as Maxwell’s Equations. But given the right visualization and computational modeling tools, they can learn the underlying concepts.
Meet NetLogo, a multi-agent programmable modeling environment authored in 1999 by Uri Wilensky, a learning sciences and computer science professor at Northwestern University, and founder of the Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling.
Remember the turtle?
A generation of adults were introduced to functions and programming through Logo and the “turtle” - an on-screen triangular cursor - that accompanied it. Logo was first created in 1967