Modeling the arteries of the land
You don’t always need sophisticated computer models to simulate the natural world. Take the routing application for parallel computation of discharge (RAPID) model, for example. A relatively simple mathematical equation within RAPID is used to simulate river flows moving downstream in massive river networks, such as in Mississippi, US, and much of Western Europe.
These models are used to compare computations with historical observations to account for how rivers are connected and also help improve understanding of severe droughts. “RAPID uses a simple equation to compute flow in rivers. Many other models use much more advanced equations but are usually applied to much smaller areas,” says Cédric David, a scientist who helped develop RAPID and recently started working at the University of California Center for Hydrologic Modeling.
One example of a complex water model is LizzaPAKP. But, this uses complex equations to focus on smaller areas of groundwater flow, as opposed to RAPID which looks at much larger systems. “We provide an estimate of flow over thousands of connected mapped rivers. I don't know of another model that does this,” says David.
The latest research papers by David and his colleagues are published in the Journal of Hydrometeorology and in the Journal Hydrological Processes. Their model has been applied to areas of 100,000 km2 (38,610 miles2) to 1,000,000 km2 (386,101 miles2). So far, the biggest computing problem the researchers faced was modeling the Upper Mississippi River Basin, which spans about 2,092 kilometers (1,300 miles). Their simulation used 182,240 computing elements from resources at David’s geosciences department and the Lonestar supercomputer at the Texas Advanced Computing Center.
The programming language used is the same one that meteorologists, or TV weather people, use to forecast the atmosphere – Fortran. RAPID enables easy incorporation of these complex atmosphere and land surface models, which are run together with its simple equation of downstream water movement to give a complete picture of water distribution over countries and continents.
“In general, the ability to apply high-resolution solutions to river hydraulics is important (think flash floods), but I would hasten to add that computing is just one part of it,” says Richard Hooper, executive director of the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc, who is not involved in this work.
Human factors can also play an important role in natural disasters. A recent SciDev.net article suggests that the lack of rapid human action from an impending flood, for example, may be caused by the technical language used by warning systems, with individuals and communities perhaps not able to understand the meaning of obscure terms. It is suggested an integrated approach of technology, communication, social sciences, and psychology will address this issue.
David says he hopes his research will make a real impact on policy. “We've been actively collaborating with the Texas Commission for Environmental Quality and even the French Weather Service, MeteoFrance, to see how such a model could be used operationally by decision makers.”
Now, David and his colleagues hope to test a near real-time application of RAPID by the end of 2012 and are very keen on forecast applications, but first they have to figure out the best way to leverage parallel computing resources by more efficiently splitting computations between cores.
- Adrian Giordani
Digital Stream
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Dear Isgtw,
This question may be a little off-topic OK ... I lied ... I HAD to send this to the Gov't section too in the hopes that someone in Gov't will see this and tell Barrack or someone in Gov't and get this handled by the people who CAN get it DONE! YOU do not need to reply to both however. Just one is fine. Thank You!
My friend in New Zealand sent me this rather "spirited" email the other night. I have to clean it up a bit for the Yahoo censors but if I miss anything please excuse me. You will know when I replace HIS words b/c mine will be "funny replacements" if I can be so creative. Other than eliminating the cus words I left EVERYTHING else which will be fun for many of you and disgusting for some, but oh well, to each his own. I'm ONLY sending this to the R&S section because YOU are the only guys I trust and admire to tell me the truth. And NO, I am NOT a Republican, or even a Publican. And please, no comments about his spelling or the occasional drift in sentence structure. He doesn't care and THAT is what is NOT important here .. this gentleman from the foreign land of New Zealand is 60, very aware of what Health Care SHOULD be and is my dear friend so PLEASE be nice when you answer. I do NOT do Thumbs Down so it's not from me if one appears. Here goes:
Well i read a little of what was in that one Dart and all I can say is that you live in a ducky sad country, here in New Zealand or in Australia I can book into hospital tomorrow and have all the work I need to be done on my Arteries for nothing, I will have top quality medical treatment and top quality rehab afterward. All medicines I need are free and every week I receive two hundred and sixty dollars disability support payment and am entitled to another seventy rent assistance.
Now if a little countries like mine can afford and organise things like this what the daffy-duck is going on in the US, how do the rich con people into believing that they owe their land a living rather than the reverse, how is it that the people that will benefit most from this and other proposals fight hardest against it. I know they will scream liberal socialism but what about all the money that has been handed to the self interested demonstrably incompetent executives of the banks insurance and car industries. All poor peoples money because have no doubt about it there are not enough rich people to pay for the running of the US it is poor people that pay the bills.
I had a double bypass two years ago and the only cost to me was that of the taxi fare into town to the hospital the cat scans the visits to specialists the attempt at opening my arteries all free and then I had a private room with tinted double glazing that looked over Brisbane. I then moved interstate to stay with my daughter for my recovery and had six weeks of rehab in a hospital gym supervised by trained Physio's and specialist nursing staff three times a week for six weeks, cost to me Nothing.
All paid for in my taxes by a small medicare levy, a piddling amount that nobody ever notices and I am entitled to all of this until my income exceeds two hundred thousand a year. So what the heck is going on over there, the model is available, the information is available, the money is available yet Obama is constantly being forced to downgrade what he wants to offer the people of the US. Put simply Dart I don't understand it.
https://www.travellers.com.au/Australian…
This link will give you an idea about what is available under the auspices of a caring and friendly country to guest workers it is exactly the same as that offered to any Australian. As I have remarked before US citizens don't even begin to understand what it means to live in a land of the free. And if you think thats pretty good then you ought to check out the benefits offered to veterans of any war our politicians get us involved in, I almost went to Vietnam just to have the entitlements like fixed low interest loans for housing and business startup free dental for life free phsyc for life etc etc.
Feel free to send this note to your local fed rep and ask what the heck is going on, who is being conned over there.
None of which is your fault I know I just thought you might like some information on what happens in a free country, on a lighter side Damn the one ganja seed I found in my bag has gone all mildew when I tried to strike it. Woe is me I cant get connected here and am beginning to feel like a bloody citizen. But what the hell I should be kayaking by the middle of next week so all is not gloom and doom the weather is up to 10 degrees c here now flowers everywhere life is good my best to the Lord may his bowl be ever full and yours as well Regards Mal
MY QUESTION IS: WHY CAN'T THE USA do as well as a country as small as NEW ZEALAND? Why can't our Congress copy THEIR LAW and vote it in and GET HER DONE!?
Keep up the posts!
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Dear Isgtw, On a similar
Dear Isgtw,
On a similar note, My friend in New Zealand sent me this rather "spirited" email the other night. I have to clean it up a bit for the Yahoo censors but if I miss anything please excuse me. You will know when I replace HIS words b/c mine will be "funny replacements" if I can be so creative. Other than eliminating the cus words I left EVERYTHING else which will be fun for many of you and disgusting for some, but oh well, to each his own. I'm ONLY sending this to the R&S section because YOU are the only guys I trust and admire to tell me the truth. And NO, I am NOT a Republican, or even a Publican. And please, no comments about his spelling or the occasional drift in sentence structure. He doesn't care and THAT is what is NOT important here .. this gentleman from the foreign land of New Zealand is 60, very aware of what Health Care SHOULD be and is my dear friend so PLEASE be nice when you answer. I do NOT do Thumbs Down so it's not from me if one appears. Here goes:
Well i read a little of what was in that one Dart and all I can say is that you live in a ducky sad country, here in New Zealand or in Australia I can book into hospital tomorrow and have all the work I need to be done on my Arteries for nothing, I will have top quality medical treatment and top quality rehab afterward. All medicines I need are free and every week I receive two hundred and sixty dollars disability support payment and am entitled to another seventy rent assistance.
Now if a little countries like mine can afford and organise things like this what the daffy-duck is going on in the US, how do the rich con people into believing that they owe their land a living rather than the reverse, how is it that the people that will benefit most from this and other proposals fight hardest against it. I know they will scream liberal socialism but what about all the money that has been handed to the self interested demonstrably incompetent executives of the banks insurance and car industries. All poor peoples money because have no doubt about it there are not enough rich people to pay for the running of the US it is poor people that pay the bills.
I had a double bypass two years ago and the only cost to me was that of the taxi fare into town to the hospital the cat scans the visits to specialists the attempt at opening my arteries all free and then I had a private room with tinted double glazing that looked over Brisbane. I then moved interstate to stay with my daughter for my recovery and had six weeks of rehab in a hospital gym supervised by trained Physio's and specialist nursing staff three times a week for six weeks, cost to me Nothing.
All paid for in my taxes by a small medicare levy, a piddling amount that nobody ever notices and I am entitled to all of this until my income exceeds two hundred thousand a year. So what the heck is going on over there, the model is available, the information is available, the money is available yet Obama is constantly being forced to downgrade what he wants to offer the people of the US. Put simply Dart I don't understand it.
https://www.travellers.com.au/Australian…
This link will give you an idea about what is available under the auspices of a caring and friendly country to guest workers it is exactly the same as that offered to any Australian. As I have remarked before US citizens don't even begin to understand what it means to live in a land of the free. And if you think thats pretty good then you ought to check out the benefits offered to veterans of any war our politicians get us involved in, I almost went to Vietnam just to have the entitlements like fixed low interest loans for housing and business startup free dental for life free phsyc for life etc etc.
Feel free to send this note to your local fed rep and ask what the heck is going on, who is being conned over there.
None of which is your fault I know I just thought you might like some information on what happens in a free country, on a lighter side Damn the one ganja seed I found in my bag has gone all mildew when I tried to strike it. Woe is me I cant get connected here and am beginning to feel like a bloody citizen. But what the hell I should be kayaking by the middle of next week so all is not gloom and doom the weather is up to 10 degrees c here now flowers everywhere life is good my best to the Lord may his bowl be ever full and yours as well Regards Mal
MY QUESTION IS: WHY CAN'T THE USA do as well as a country as small as NEW ZEALAND? Why can't our Congress copy THEIR LAW and vote it in and GET HER DONE!?
Cheerio
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